![]() Scholars and historians have considered Vladimir Lenin, co-founder of the Russian SFSR and later Soviet Union, to be one of the first to attempt to establish a totalitarian state. Adorno and Max Horkheimer trace the origin of totalitarian doctrines to the Age of Enlightenment, especially to the anthropocentrist idea that "Man has become the master of the world, a master unbound by any links to nature, society, and history." In the 20th century, the idea of absolute state power was first developed by Italian Fascists, and concurrently in Germany by a jurist and Nazi academic named Carl Schmitt during the Weimar Republic in the 1920s. Other philosophers and historians such as Theodor W. Philosopher Karl Popper traced its roots to Plato, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's conception of the state, and the political philosophy of Karl Marx, although Popper's conception of totalitarianism has been criticized in academia, and remains highly controversial. Īs a political ideology in itself, totalitarianism is a distinctly modernist phenomenon, and it has very complex historical roots. In totalitarian states, political power is often held by autocrats, such as dictators ( totalitarian dictatorship) and absolute monarchs, who employ all-encompassing campaigns in which propaganda is broadcast by state-controlled mass media in order to control the citizenry. It is regarded as the most extreme and complete form of authoritarianism. Totalitarianism is a form of government and a political system that prohibits all opposition parties, outlaws individual and group opposition to the state and its claims, and exercises an extremely high if not complete degree of control and regulation over public and private life. Send us feedback about these examples.Joseph Stalin (left), leader of the Soviet Union, and Adolf Hitler (right), leader of Nazi Germany-considered prototypical dictators of totalitarian regimes in modern history of the left and right political spectrums respectively These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'unbounded.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. 2023 The sweeping, seemingly unbounded theory of liability advanced by Schnapper seemed to make many justices, particularly the Court’s conservatives, nervous. Jordana Cepelewicz, Quanta Magazine, 9 Mar. 2023 Indeed, no one could prove the unbounded denominators conjecture. Jake Frederico, The Arizona Republic, 13 Mar. ![]() 2022 In rural areas of the state not covered by the 1980 Groundwater Management Act, wells can be added unbounded, and water can be withdrawn without regulation. Charles McNulty, Los Angeles Times, 28 Sep. 2022 Taking inspiration from the original work’s unbounded imagination, the 37-year-old Jacobs-Jenkins briskly traverses heaven and earth with a roster of characters that includes God and Death, as well as the personifications of abstract concepts such as Love, Understanding and Time. 2023 The company’s spending seemed unbounded. ![]() 2023 And while, equipped with the proper accessories, the six-cylinder version is perfectly sufficient for essentially all off-road forays, the honeyed power of the bigger mill makes the V8 Defender our preferred steed for adventures, whether urban or unbounded. Christopher Cox, New York Times, 17 Jan. 2023 For a company that depended on an unbounded sense of optimism among investors to maintain its high stock price - Tesla was at one point worth more than Toyota, Honda, Volkswagen, Mercedes, BMW, Ford and General Motors combined - these crashes might seem like a problem. Recent Examples on the Web According to the unbounded denominators conjecture, those two spaces should be identical.
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